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Старый враг под новой маской. Табак без дыма, никотин без табака.

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postheadericon Старый враг под новой маской. Табак без дыма, никотин без табака.

         Снюс – один из видов бездымного табака. Он изготавливается из измельчённых табачных листьев, которые пакуют в пакетики, и при использовании помещают между десной и губой.

         Почему этот продукт стал популярен и для чего продвигается табачными компаниями? Для того, чтобы человек мог получить очередную дозу никотина там, где курить нельзя (на дискотеках, мероприятиях, в ресторанах и самолётах).

Никотин и другие вещества высвобождаются при рассасывании из снюса в слюну, при этом сразу попадают в кровоток, всасываясь через слизистую полости рта. Распространено заблуждение, что использование бездымного табака менее вредно, по сравнению с курением, поскольку он содержит менее опасные химические вещества.

         Это не так. В составе снюса содержится ряд химических веществ с потенциальным канцерогенным эффектом. Самые опасные из них- нитрозамины, они образуются при производстве снюса, в процессе ферментации табака.

         Доказано, что люди, которые употребляют снюс, фактически подвергаются воздействию более высоких уровней нитрозаминов и других токсичных веществ, нежели курильщики традиционных сигарет. Причина в том, что снюс остаётся во рту дольше, по сравнению с сигаретным дымом, соответственно, вредные химические вещества дольше воздействуют на организм. Хотя бездымный табак и содержит меньше количество канцерогенов по сравнению с сигаретами, это не аргумент в его пользу. Даже один единственный канцероген может вызывать мутации, приводящие к раку.

ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ БЕЗДЫМНОГО ТАБАКА

«Безвредность снюса»- опасное заблуждение! Употребление бездымного табака – доказанная причина развития рака полости рта, рака поджелудочной железы, рака пищевода, и рака лёгких.

         Длительное использование бездымного табака приводит к пародонтозу, разрушению зубов, появлению зловонного запаха изо рта, тахикардии, гипертонии.

         Потребители бездымного табака получают намного больше никотина по сравнению с курильщиками сигарет. Дело в том, что употребление снюса предполагает, что табак остаётся во рту не менее 30 минут, за это время в организм попадает в десятки раз больше никотина, нежели при выкуривании одной, даже самой крепкой сигареты. Если в самой крепкой сигарете содержится до 1,5 мг никотина, то при употреблении снюса можно получить до 22 мг никотина. Даже если табак находится в полости рта непродолжительное время, порядка 5-10 минут, в кровь все равно поступает большее количество никотина.

         Высокая концентрация никотина становится причиной быстрого развития толерантности, и практически молниеносного формирования зависимости. Отказ от использования снюса — процесс более тяжёлый, чем отказ от курения, зачастую невозможный без помощи специалиста и специального курса реабилитации.

         К сожалению, очень распространено использование снюса в подростковой и молодёжной среде, где он считается не только безопасным, но и модным.

Последствия употребления снюса в подростковом возрасте крайне опасны:

· отставание в физическом развитии

· повышенная агрессивность и возбудимость;

· ухудшение когнитивных процессов;

· нарушение памяти и концентрации внимания;

· высокий риск развития онкологических заболеваний, прежде всего желудка, печени, полости рта;

· ослабление устойчивости к инфекционным заболеваниям.

         В России законодательно запрещена торговля насваем и снюсом, но появилась новая опасность- бестабачная никотиновая продукция, имитирующая пищевую.

У школьников набирает популярность употребление никотиновых леденцов, жевательного мармелада и жевательной резинки.

Почему это опасно?

         В составе бестабачных аналогов снюса-целлюлоза, пропиленгликоль, которые есть и в электронных сигаретах, ароматизатор, соль, сода и никотин.

         Главная опасность — критически высокое содержание никотина, и комфортная форма употребления, что приводит к быстрому развитию у подростков никотиновой зависимости. В одной дозе опасной сладости содержание никотина может доходить до 40 мг на грамм. При этом, одномоментное употребление 60.мг никотина может стать для ребёнка летальным.

         Меньшие дозы приводят к тяжёлым отравлениям, сопровождающимся симптомами никотиновой интоксикации: тахикардией, аритмией, судорогами, рвотой, диареей.

         Для сравнения — в традиционной сигарете никотина не больше 1–1,5 мг.

         В ближайшие дни будет принято постановление о запрете на продажу никотиносодержащих нетабачных изделий, которые относятся к пищевым и не подпадают под антитабачное законодательство.

         Предупредите детей об опасности даже однократного употребления никотиновых конфет!

         Если вы стали свидетелем продажи бестабачных никотинсодержащих жевательных смесей – сообщите Управление Роспотребнадзора вашего региона.

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